A Solenoid valve is an electromechanical device that automatically controls the flow of liquids or gases using an electrical signal.
| • Valve Function / Switching Type | |
| • Normally Closed (NC) | Closed when de-energized; opens when powered. |
| • Normally Open (NO) | Open when de-energized; closes when powered. |
| • Number of Ports/Ways | Typically 2-way (inlet and outlet), 3-way (for single-acting actuators), or 4-way (for double-acting actuators). |
| • Operating Mechanism | |
| • Direct-Acting | The plunger opens the main orifice directly; operates from 0 PSI / zero differential pressure. |
| • Pilot-Operated (Indirect/Semi-Direct) | Uses system line pressure to assist in opening/closing; requires a minimum pressure differential (typically 2 to 7 PSI or 0.3–0.5 bar) to function, but handles higher flow rates. |
| • Port / Pipe Size | Ranging from micro sizes (1/8", 1/4") up to industrial process sizes (1/2", 1", 2", or larger) using NPT, BSP, or push-in fittings. |
| • Body and Wetted Materials | |
| • Body | Brass, stainless steel (316), cast iron, aluminum, or engineering plastics (e.g., Delrin, PVC). |
| • Seals & Diaphragms | NBR (Buna-N) for air/water/oil, EPDM for steam/hot water, Viton (FKM) for chemicals/high heat, or PTFE. |
| • Electrical Specifications | |
| • Coil Voltages | Common options include 12V DC, 24V DC, 24V AC, 110V/120V AC, and 220V/230V AC (50/60Hz). |
| • Voltage Tolerance | Typically ± 10% of the nominal rating. |
| • Power Consumption | Varies widely from low-wattage units (3W–6.5W) up to heavy-duty coils (15W–20W+). |
| • Enclosure / Protection Rating | Standard IP54 or industrial washdown/outdoor IP65, with optional ATEX certifications for hazardous explosive environments. |